Can port reductions activate “one pool of spring water”?

On March 5, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out in the government work report that "inspiring the vitality of market players and focusing on optimizing the business environment" is an important task of the government's work this year, and it is clear that a number of railway and port charges should be cancelled or reduced. Recently, transportation

The Ministry promptly acted in conjunction with the National Development and Reform Commission to issue a notice on the revision and issuance of the "Port Charges and Charges Method" (hereinafter referred to as the "Measures"). The "Measures" have been implemented since April 1 this year, reducing the implementation of four government pricing. Government-guided price port

The service charge standard has merged some of the service charge items.

In recent years, what has the port industry done to reduce port logistics costs? What is the current level of port charges in China? How to promote the reduction of logistics costs in the next stage to optimize the port business environment? Recently, the reporter interviewed some ports on these issues.

Person in charge of the enterprise and relevant experts of the Water Transport Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport.

Ports take measures to take the initiative to "slim down"

Since 2015, the Ministry of Transport and the National Development and Reform Commission have successively issued a series of notification requirements on port fee reform, adjusted and optimized the charging policy, lowered the government's pricing fees, and guided enterprises to reduce the independent pricing standards.

Continue to regulate the port service service charges. According to statistics, the port industry reduces logistics costs by about 5.66 billion yuan each year, further reducing the burden and efficiency of the real economy. The newly revised "Measures" are valid for 5 years and can reduce logistics costs by about 18 per year.

100 million yuan.

The customs clearance efficiency will increase by more than 25%, the agent liner will reduce the operation time by 10% in Hong Kong, the operating fee in Hong Kong will be reduced by more than 5%, and the comprehensive cost of the door-to-door service will be less than 10% of the customer segmentation outsourcing cost. Provide trade agency "zero interest service"...

At the beginning of this year, Qingdao Port Modern Logistics launched a “sales service ten” with full measures and strong measures in the business promotion, which continued the trend of port reductions and efficiency improvement since last year.

As early as last April, Tianjin Port implemented a series of measures of “capped ceiling cap and total amount control”, proactively drastically lowered port charging standards, lowered foreign trade container handling charges, and exempted foreign trade import and export enterprises freight forwarding service fees, customs brokerage fees... ,day

Many charging projects in Tianjin and Hong Kong are at the lowest level among the major coastal ports in the country. "This measure of cost reduction is based on the world-class seaport ports such as Singapore, and the reduction and exemption of some service charges, all efforts to reduce the burden on foreign trade import and export enterprises.

To promote the high quality development of the real economy. "The relevant person in charge of Tianjin Port Group said.

Not only Tianjin Port and Qingdao Port, but last year, major coastal ports in China have introduced measures to reduce costs. Among them, Shanghai Port lowered the fee for the operation of foreign trade container ports (general loading and unloading), from 205.5 yuan to 480 yuan per 20-foot container, every 40

The foot container dropped from 893.3 yuan to 720 yuan. It is estimated that the annual loading and unloading revenue will be reduced by about 1.5 billion yuan. In addition, Ningbo Zhoushan Port, Dalian Port, Xiamen Port and other ports have reduced fees, Ningbo Zhoushan Port is expected to reduce the amount of about 836 million yuan, Dalian Port

It is estimated that the cost of port loading and unloading for customers will be about 76 million yuan.

It is not enough to only lower the charging standard. If you want to reform, you have to insert it into the end. Since last year, Tianjin Port, Xiamen Port, Dalian Port, Guangzhou Port and other ports have listed the “one-stop sun price” list of “clear price, open and transparent”.

Information such as charging items, charging standards, and service contents will be released. According to reports, China’s ports have taken the lead in establishing a list of fees and charges and a public notice system in the port department, covering all 11 service charges for ships and goods.

Including the implementation of government pricing and government-guided price of charging items and charging standards, but also the implementation of the market-adjusted price of the name of the charging project and service content unified and clear.

The level of fees is at a low level in the world, and there is limited space for further reductions.

According to the requirements of the Measures, the four port operation service charges such as the cargo port fee, the port facility security fee, the pilotage (transfer) fee, and the domestic tugboat tug fee will be reduced respectively. 15%, 20%,

10% and 5%. What is the status of China's port charges in the international arena, and is there any room for the port to reduce fees?

"The cost of operating foreign trade container ports in China's coastal ports is between 470 and 510 yuan, South Korea is about 650 yuan, Japan, Hong Kong and Singapore are about 750-1000 yuan, and European and American ports are about 1000-2000 yuan. China's port charges are already at More

At a low level, the toll levels of major coastal ports in China are significantly lower than those in Hong Kong, Taiwan and other countries, and there is limited space for further reductions in ports. Zhang Zhehui, associate researcher of the Institute of Water Transport Science, Ministry of Transport, told reporters that after nearly a few years

A series of clean-up measures, China's port operation service charges are generally standardized, port competition is generally adequate, and most operating service charges are subject to independent pricing, and the current level of fees is close to or even lower than operating costs.

Zhang Zhehui believes that this is unreasonable because of public opinion that the cost of import and export can be further reduced by canceling the port charges. The port charges for goods are mainly used for port infrastructure construction, maintenance and management. After the fee reduction, import and export of foreign trade container goods

The port charges for the goods are 34 yuan/standard box and 17 yuan/standard box respectively, and the port fee for domestic trade container goods is only 7 yuan/standard box. If the fee is canceled and there is no other funding channel, the decline in the cargo port fee income cannot cover the expenditure, and the navigation channel and anchor may occur.

The lack of maintenance of the infrastructure of the port and other ports will lead to a decline in the support capacity of the transport corridor, which in turn will affect the port capacity and service efficiency, and will increase the logistics cost.

Regarding the collection of port facility security fees, industry insiders said that this is an internationally accepted practice, and the object of collection is limited to foreign trade goods, in line with the principle of user fees. It is understood that the EU port charges are 8 to 10 euros / TEU, the United States is about 15

US dollar / standard box, China's fee is only 8 yuan / standard box, far lower than foreign fees. In addition, tugboat fees also need to consider the factors of tug fuel and labor costs, avoiding industry losses, resulting in lower service levels.

Low situation. In order to ensure that the proposed reduction policy has been put in place. The "Measures" to be implemented this time require that the market operation of port tally, tugboat and oil boom services should further introduce a competition mechanism, standardize business conduct, and intensify supervision.

, continue to regulate the charging behavior.

From the cost reduction to the cost reduction, it still needs reform and innovation.

In the case of limited port space reduction, how to further reduce import and export costs? "From the perspective of goal orientation, port reduction is not to reduce fees for fee reduction, but to serve to improve the level of the industrial chain and smooth the national economic cycle. The goal is complete